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Intel Fortran Compiler, as part of Intel OneAPI HPC toolkit, is a group of Fortran compilers from Intel for Windows, macOS, and Linux.

• Overview

• Optimizations

• Standards support

• Architectures

• Description of packaging

• History since 2003

• Debugging

• See also

• References

• External links

The compilers generate code for IA-32 and Intel 64 processors and certain non-Intel but compatible processors, such as certain AMD processors. A specific release of the compiler (11.1) remains available for development of Linux-based applications for IA-64 (Itanium 2) processors. On Windows, it is known as Intel Visual Fortran.cite-ref-2[2] On macOS and Linux, it is known as Intel Fortran. In 2020 the existing compiler was renamed “Intel Fortran Compiler Classic” (ifort) and a new Intel Fortran Compiler for oneAPI (ifx) supporting GPU offload was introduced.

The 2021 release of the Classic compiler adds full Fortran support through the 2018 standard, full OpenMP* 4.5, and Initial Open MP 5.1 for CPU only. The 2021 beta compiler focuses on OpenMP for GPU Offload. When used with the Intel OneAPI HPC toolkit (see the "Description of Packaging" below) the compiler can also automatically generate Message Passing Interface calls for distributed memory multiprocessing from OpenMP directives.

For more information on Fortran standards, a number or resources are available, such as the Wikipedia Fortran entry or the Fortran wiki page.

The Intel Fortran package included the Intel Array Visualizer, a visualization tool for scientific formats such as FITS and netCDF, which can produce x-y plots, contour plots, and image plots, and save them to other formats.cite-ref-3[3]cite-ref-4[4]

Intel compilers are optimizedcite-ref-5[5] for computer systems using processors that support Intel architectures. They are designed to minimize stalls and to produce code that executes in the fewest possible number of cycles. Intel Fortran Compilers support three separate high-level techniques for optimizing the compiled program: interprocedural optimization (IPO), profile-guided optimization (PGO), and other high-level optimizations (HLO).

Interprocedural optimization applies typical compiler optimizations (such as constant propagation) but uses a broader scope that may include multiple procedures, multiple files, or the entire program.cite-ref-6[6]

Regarding profile-guided optimization, the compiler generates a dataset of performance-related information from using the application with representative workloads, which it then analyzes to find which parts of the application are executed more and less frequently. The compiler uses these data to organize application execution to optimize performance based on how the application is actually used. This is in contrast to IPO which optimizes applications according to the logical flow of the application independent of workloads. The two can be combined to provide workload-based optimizations within which the logical-flow is optimized. Thus, all optimizations can benefit from profile-guided feedback because they are less reliant on heuristics when making compilation decisions.

High-level optimizations are optimizations performed on a version of the program that more closely represents the source code. This includes loop interchange, loop fusion, loop unrolling, loop distribution, data prefetch, and more.cite-ref-7[7]

The Intel Fortran Compiler Classic fully supports Fortran through the 2018 standard. The Intel Fortran Compiler (Beta) supports full Fortran 77/90/95 and has partial support of the Fortran 2003 standard.

• IA-32

• x86-64 (Intel 64 and AMD64)

• Intel Xeon Phi coprocessor

• IA-64 (Itanium 2)

• Xe architecture

The compilers are available standalone from Intel and from APT and Yum repositories. They are also available in the Intel oneAPI HPC Toolkit which includes other build tools, such as libraries, and analysis tools for error checking and performance analysis. Containers with the compilers are on Docker Hub.

| Compiler version | Release date |

|---|---|

| Intel Fortran Compiler 8.0 | December 15, 2003 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 8.1 | September, 2004 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 9.0 | June 14, 2005 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 10.0 | June 5, 2007 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 10.1 | November 7, 2007 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 11.0 | November 2008 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 11.1 | June 23, 2009 |

| Intel Fortran Composer XE 2011 up to Up… | November 7, 2010 |

| Intel Fortran Composer XE 2011 Update 6… | September 8, 2011 |

| Intel Fortran Composer XE 2013 (compile… | September 5, 2012 |

| Intel Fortran Composer XE 2013 SP1 (com… | July 31, 2013 |

| Intel Fortran Composer XE 2013 SP1 Upda… | October 18, 2013 |

| Intel Fortran Composer XE 2015 (compile… | August 5, 2014 |

| Intel Fortran Composer XE 2015 Update 1… | October 30, 2014 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 16.0, part of In… | August 25, 2015 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 17.0 | March 4, 2016 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 18.0 | January 17, 2017 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 19.0 | September 12, 2018 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler Classic 2021.1.1 | December 8, 2020 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler (Beta) 2021.1.1 | December 8, 2020 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler Classic 2021.5.0 | December 6, 2021 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler oneAPI 2022.0.0 | December 6, 2021 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler oneAPI 2023.0.0 | December 21, 2022 |

| Intel Fortran Compiler oneAPI 2024.0.0 | November 20, 2023 |

| Compiler version | Major new features |

|---|---|

| Intel Fortran Compiler 8.0 | Precompiled headers, code-coverage tool… |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 8.1 | AMD64 architecture (for Linux). |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 9.0 | AMD64 architecture (for Windows), softw… |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 10.0 | Improved parallelizer and vectorizer, S… |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 10.1 | New OpenMP* compatibility runtime libra… |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 11.0 | More Fortran 2003 support. Support for… |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 11.1 | Support for latest Intel SSE, AVX and A… |

| Intel Fortran Composer XE 2011 up to Up… | Coarray Fortran, additional 2003 (FINAL… |

| Intel Fortran Composer XE 2011 Update 6… | OpenMP 3.1, additional 2003 (ALLOCATE w… |

| Intel Fortran Composer XE 2013 (compile… | Linux-based support for Intel Xeon Phi… |

| Intel Fortran Composer XE 2013 SP1 (com… | User-Defined Derived Type I/O; OpenMP d… |

| Intel Fortran Composer XE 2013 SP1 Upda… | Japanese localization of 14.0; Windows… |

| Intel Fortran Composer XE 2015 (compile… | Full support for Fortran 2003; BLOCK fr… |

| Intel Fortran Composer XE 2015 Update 1… | AVX-512 support; Japanese localization;… |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 16.0, part of In… | Submodules from Fortran 2008, enhanced… |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 17.0 | OpenMP 4.5 extensions |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 18.0 | Full Fortran 2008 support |

| Intel Fortran Compiler 19.0 | Some Fortran 2018 features |

| Intel Fortran Compiler Classic 2021.1.1 | Full Fortran 2018 support, OpenMP 4.5 a… |

| Intel Fortran Compiler (Beta) 2021.1.1 | OpenMP* 4.5 and initial OpenMP support… |

| Intel Fortran Compiler Classic 2021.5.0 | Fortran language fixes and security upd… |

| Intel Fortran Compiler oneAPI 2022.0.0 | Full Fortran 2003 except parameterized… |

| Intel Fortran Compiler oneAPI 2023.0.0 | Complete Fortran 2003, 2008, 2018 stand… |

| Intel Fortran Compiler oneAPI 2024.0.0 | Adds LLVM sanitizers Adds initial Fortr… |

The Intel compiler provides debugging information that is standard for the common debuggers (DWARF 2 on Linux, similar to gdb, and COFF for Windows). The flags to compile with debugging information are /Zi on Windows and -g on Linux. Debugging is done on Windows using the Visual Studio debugger, and on Linux using gdb.

While the Intel compiler can generate a gprof-compatible profiling output, Intel also provides a kernel-level, system-wide statistical profiler as a separate product called VTune. VTune features an easy-to-use GUI (integrated into Visual Studio for Windows, Eclipse for Linux) as well as a command-line interface. In addition to the VTune profiler, there is Intel Advisor that specializes in vectorization optimization and tools for threading design and prototyping.

Intel also offers a tool for memory and threading error detection called Intel Inspector XE. Regarding memory errors, it helps detect memory leaks, memory corruption, allocation/de-allocation of API mismatches and inconsistent memory API usage. Regarding threading errors, it helps detect data races (both heap and stack), deadlocks and thread and synch API errors.

• Intel Integrated Performance Primitives (IPP)

• oneAPI Data Analytics Library (oneDAL)

• Intel oneAPI Math Kernel Library (oneMKL)

• oneAPI Threading Building Blocks (oneTBB)

• VTune Profiler

• Intel C++ Compiler

• Intel Developer Zone (Intel DZ; support and discussion)

• Intel Parallel Studio XE

cite-note-relnotes-11. "Intel® Fortran Compiler for oneAPI Release Notes". Intel. Retrieved 2020-12-28.

cite-note-22. ↑ "Intel Visual Fortran Compiler Professional Edition for Windows". cnet.com.

cite-note-33. ↑ citerefreadey2004Readey, John (October 27, 2004). Intel Array Visualizer. HDF Workshop VIII. Retrieved 6 May 2023.

cite-note-44. ↑ "Intel Array Visualizer". Intel Developer Zone. 7 March 2016. Archived from the original on March 7, 2016. Retrieved 6 May 2023.

cite-note-55. ↑ "Intel (Fortran, C, and C++)". NERSC.gov.

cite-note-66. ↑ Intel compiler documentation. Select the Fortran compiler of choice and search for Profile-Guided Optimization. http://software.intel.com/en-us/intel-software-technical-documentation

cite-note-77. ↑ The Software Optimization Cookbook, High-Performance Recipes for IA-32 Platforms, Richard Gerber, Aart J.C. Bik, Kevin B. Smith, and Xinmin Tian, Intel Press, 2006

cite-note-82. "Intel Visual Fortran 15 now available".

cite-note-93. "Fortran Language and OpenMP* Features Implemented in Intel® Fortran Compiler". Intel® Fortran Compiler. Intel. Retrieved 2021-12-27.

cite-note-104. "The Next Chapter for the Intel® Fortran Compiler 2023". community.intel.com. 2022-12-21. Retrieved 2023-02-13.

cite-note-115. "AVAILABLE NOW! Intel Software Developer Tools 2024.0". community.intel.com. 2022-12-21. Retrieved 2024-09-10.

• Official website